Friday, December 27, 2019

Nike Paper - 3923 Words

Running Head: Nike, Inc. Marketing Plan Marketing Plan for Nike, Inc. â€Å"Just Do It† ShaRhonda Clark Walsh College MKT 307, Spring Semester 2010 Professor Haener May 31, 2010 Table of Contents Photo of Michael Jordan4 Marketing Plan for Nike, Inc. â€Å"Just Do It†5 Nike Organizational Development†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 Structure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 People†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Culture Systems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 Strategy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 Other Strategic Plans†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 Market/Submarket Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Attractiveness of the†¦show more content†¦This is just a brief summary of Nike’s company’s history. Nike Organizational Development Structure Nike considers their structure a â€Å"Matrix Organization† (Nikebiz.com, 2010). This structure allows Nike to deal with the fast-moving market and keep their industry leading position. It can be costly, but has proven to be well worth the money for Nike. All work is collaborative; team members report to two areas; known as, geography and the global function area (Nikebiz.com, 2010). People Suppliers/subcontractors that Nike does business with are considered â€Å"outsiders.† In the past, when Nike has received criticism for running sweatshops their first response was to deny that they ever knew this occurred. Their reason for this was because they hired outside suppliers who ran the factories outside of the U.S. Nike has now learned from bad publicity that the best way to handle this is to have â€Å"insiders† do audits of the factories globally. With new audits in place it is less likely suppliers will mistreat workers because they will fear losing their contract with Nike. Suppliers are also held to a higher standard now. Suppliers/subcontractors are responsible to report any other suppliers who act unethically. Nike learned that hiring outsiders can save money, but insiders have a better feel for respect for the organizations values and culture. Outside people can affect the way customers perceive the organization, and for this reason Nike is taking mo re precautions toShow MoreRelatedNike Research Paper1947 Words   |  8 PagesNike Research Paper By, Mykle Rud The story of Nike and how it came about is remarkable in the sense of it was just a random idea that Phil Knight (now the CEO of Nike) was forced to come up with because of a business class Phil took at Stanford Graduate College. Now that is just a glimpse of the start of the company that would soon become the top sports apparel and sneaker producer for both male and female genders. I hope by the time this research paper is over you have an appreciation for whatRead MoreNike Research Paper1194 Words   |  5 PagesN A Report on the Product/Services/Promotional Strategies Offered by Nike Nike is a worldwide manufacturer of apparel and accessories that is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol, NKE. Founded in 1964 by Phil Knight and Bill Bowerman as Blue Ribbon Sports only to later become Nike in 1978, Nike is currently headquartered in Beaverton, Oregon. With total revenues exceeding $19Bn, Nike is currently the world leader in sports apparel and accessories and has a strong presence inRead MoreNike Term Paper2510 Words   |  11 PagesHuman Resource Management Term Paper Assignment Johnny OOI Chuen Seong [SID: 5310520015] 10 Table of Contents 1 2 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1 Company Background ....................................................................................................... 1 2.1 2.2 Human Resource Background .................................................................................Read MoreNike Case: an Investment Paper1255 Words   |  6 PagesNike Case: An Investment Paper Time Context Nike generated $ 2.45 billion in operating income on revenues of $ 19 billion in the fiscal year ended in May 2009. However, its stock price has stagnated or became inactive for the last two years and its future sales and earnings are likely to be adversely affected by increased competition from both established firms (like Reebok and Adidas) and upstarts (such as Underarmour). This business problem made Nike to consider an expansion into the fashionRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Nike s Marketing Strategy1543 Words   |  7 Pagesapplying diversification strategy and being successful in diversification is Nike, Inc. This paper discusses Nike’s diversification strategies and how the company succeeds in using it. Along with corporate level strategy, this paper also touches upon the international strategy that Nike uses. Key Tie-Ins †¢ Diversification strategy †¢ International strategy Nike Diversification Strategy Upon first glance it is not very obvious that Nike employs diversification in their overall corporate strategy. The companyRead MoreThe Athletic Shoe Industry Is Made Up Of Companies That Produce Footwear For Athletic Use1638 Words   |  7 Pagesyears. The athletic shoe industry is one of the fastest growing footwear industries and have top growing sales compared to other footwear industries (NDP Group, 2016). The key players that currently dominate the market are Nike, Adidas, and Puma (Kates Bolduc, 2013). This paper will use the porter five forces, industry life cycle, and the key players to understand the industry. Over these years the athletic shoe industry has grown into a competitive market. Porter’s Five Forces The athletic shoeRead MoreHow Does Nike Improve The Quality And Reduce Carbon Emissions?1345 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome the most significant environmental issues. It can be said that those affect community, occupational health and safety, and workforce development. Thus, Nike appreciates and follows ongoing improvement in these areas as can be seen throughout this report. Based on energy and GHG emissions, there is dramatic impact of climate change, so Nike sets a new plan with scientific program to improve the quality and to reduce carbon emissions. In the past, the company’s material stage of value chain andRead MoreNike Ethics Case Study1215 Words   |  5 Pagesordering and mass production are opportunities Nike sorted to exploit. However, this is not with problems as might lead to loss of control, and moral concern like was the case with Nike raising concern relating ethical principle in business. In this paper, we shall be answering questions related to the complexities of expansion amid a globalize world drawing inspiration from â€Å"The Promise and Perils of Globalization: The Case of Nike†, a working paper presented by Richard M. Locke and Alvin J. SitemanRead MoreNike Tournament Of Champions Research Paper773 Words   |  4 PagesNike Tournament of Champions Seven hundred and fifty-two teams. Over eight hundred college coaches. Seventy-six basketball courts with one hundred and fifty-two teams competing simultaneously at any given time. More than ten thousand athletes and coaches from every state and Canadian province. This is the largest single venue basketball event in the world, and the largest in the history of men’s or women’s basketball. McCormick Place, the site of the tournament, is the largest convention centerRead MoreNike Pestle Analysis1088 Words   |  5 Pages Nike is a US-based company that sells sports apparel for men, women, and children and is a major competitor in the industry, In this paper, we’ll be discussing Nike’s standings by using a PESTLE analysis, which looks at the political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors that affect an organization (A Pestle analysis, 2017). The first trend is political find this company in a similar arena as most corporations since the topic effect the management of the company and

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Effects Of Racial Discrimination On The Police Force

Abstract The beginning of The World Is Not Black and White explains the growth of each race and how it will affect the environment within the next 35 years. A surprisingly steep decline in the white population as well as the growth of Latinos is greatly anticipated. All this information was processed under the census projects and are some what accurate. When investigating any bias thoughts involved in the police force, two tests were set up, both from different perspectives. The media has handled the deaths of all races more often than usual and has lead to the conclusion that there is some sort of pattern (Sdler,2012). The pattern focuses on racial discrimination rather than actual violence. Data held by the US Department of Justice and Bureau of justice states that African American minorities are often associated with crimes. However, shootings have been recently reported which confirms the US Departments claims. Aside from all these facts, treatment towards different races seems to be the issue. Another position used to counter attack this situation is how an officer must mentally and physically prepare themselves when dealing with armed people. One must be ready for any outcome. It is only for your benefit to prepare yourself when confronted by a black individual especially after reading the numbers of their involvement in incarceration (Sdler,2012). Both studies were considered to examine bias thoughts that were associated in shootings between African Americans orShow MoreRelatedThe Second Amendment Of The United States1666 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The fourth amendment of the United States Bill of Rights states that â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.† (â€Å"Bill of Rights†). Within the text of this amendment, the word ‘unreasonable’ is oneRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement Essay1280 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans today. If we study the Black Lives Matter movement, we can see that discrimination and oppression still exists, but there are constructive ways to deal with it. The Black Lives Matter movement brought the attention that discrimination is still existing today. With people like President Obama speaking on this issue, it is easy to see that even the most powerful people have been a victim of discrimination. In 2013, Trayvon Martin was murdered by George Zimmerman for being an African AmericanRead MoreAfrican American Were Enslaved By Whites On The Southern Plantation1366 Words   |  6 Pagesstill face racial prejudice and discrimination in everyday life. Richard Wright was born after the Civil War but before the Civil Right Era. If he were writing an autobiography titled Black Boy Today (2016) about a black boy growing up in the United States, he would write about racial profiling against blacks, the wide education gap between black and white, and the unequal job opportunities for blacks. If Wright was to write Black Boy today, he would examine the phenomenon of racial profiling becauseRead MoreThe Conflict Of Police Brutality And Racial Profiling858 Words   |  4 Pagesthe prominent conflict of African American males and police officials in Western nations, focusing directly on the American South. In the late 1920’s African Americans in the U.S.A, were hopeful that their struggle against racism was nearing a successful conclusion with the start of the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People). For many years, especially for people not of colour, racism, racial discrimination and police brutality were â€Å"hidden† from the mainstream media. ThoughRead MoreWorkplace Discrimination in the Canadian Police Essay1587 Words   |  7 PagesPolice agencies are becoming more accustomed to hiring police officers of all cultures and ethnicities. However, like most careers an individual will choose to pursue there is always the possibi lity of them being discriminated against. A common type of discrimination police officers face is one based on their race or ethnicity. An officer is likely might experience racial discrimination in the form of harassment in the workplace. An example of this is a co-worker using racial slurs or unfavourableRead MoreBlack Boy By Richard Wright1220 Words   |  5 Pageswould write about racial profiling against blacks, the wide education gap between black and white, and the unequal job opportunities for blacks. If Wright was to write Black Boy today, he would examine the phenomenon of racial profiling because it is one of the most serious and longstanding issue in today’s society. Many black are being targeted for suspicion of crime, and in some cases, murdered by a law enforcement officials because of their race. On August 9, 2014, a white police officer named DarrenRead MoreRacial Discrimination Within The Criminal Justice System1271 Words   |  6 PagesRacial discrimination is where an employer commits race discrimination when it makes job decisions based on race or when it adopts seemingly neutral job policies that disproportionately affect members of a particular race. Federal and most state laws prohibit workplace race discrimination. Title VII -- the federal law that prohibits racial discrimination of the U.S. Constitution and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 work in concert to ensure that each resident’s chances in the pursuit of happiness areRead MoreRacism Is Defined A s An Ideology Of Racial Superiority1384 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Racism is defined as an ideology of racial superiority followed by discriminatory and prejudicial behavior. Racism can come in many forms such as racial profiling; hating someone for the color of their skin, workplace discrimination, and the stereotypical notion that one race has superior work ethics than another. No matter the origin, racism can have long lasting effects on its victims and the community. We will look how the psychological impact of racism affects the victim mentallyRead MoreThe Relationship Between Race and Crime Essay668 Words   |  3 Pagespinpoint the source of crime. I am going to show the relationship between race and crime. More specifically, I will be discussing the higher chances of minorities being involved in the criminal justice system than the majority population, discrimination, racial profiling and the environment criminals live in. It is a stereotype that black people are more likely to be criminals than white people. Does this stereotype have any truth to it? A black male born in the United States of America todayRead MoreThe Issue Of Racial Discrimination1232 Words   |  5 Pageswitnessed countless cases of police brutality. It has developed into a controversial topic between communities that have realized police cruelty have taken place in front of our homes. Deindustrialization is removal or reduction of industrial capacity or activity can lead to more crimes when people are laid off. Officers are faced with many threatening situations daily compelling them to make split second decisions and either to expect the worst or hope for the best. Police officers are given the authority

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Philips vs Haier free essay sample

In contemporary societies, strategy has become a prevalent terminology among modern management discipline. However, the definition of strategy is quite vague among previous literatures. These abundant definitions of strategy force us to rethink the strategies implemented in modern firms. In fact, strategy per se is a flowing and dynamic process, with or without intentions, to obtain and sustain competitive advantages. This paper will analyse a particular strategic change of each firm, namely Philips and Haier, to understand their dynamics in strategies, and to demonstrate why they made strategic changes and how these changes could effectively strengthen their competitive advantages and increase their value creations. The paper will be divided into four sections: section one will briefly review the theories of FDI; section two will discuss the cases of both firms‘ strategic changes; section three will discuss the dynamics of strategies in both firms to demonstrate their utilisation in obtain and sustain competitive advantages; in last section, managerial implications will be presented. We will write a custom essay sample on Philips vs Haier or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page number of literatures have been developed to analyse the motivations behind MNEs to invest abroad, as summarised. Firms which invest abroad must have some specific ownership advantages outweigh the disadvantages in offshore markets. Ownership advantages include: access to raw materials; economies of scale; intangible assets such as brands, patents, management, etc. Disadvantages include: unfamiliar with offshore market; cost of searching information, negotiation and learning, etc. Technological advantages of firm lead to competitive advantages, and thus give it an edge in exports. Dimensions in determining the locational advantages: geographical features, labour costs; transport costs; and market size. ? Much intangible company specific assets are tacit knowledge, which cannot be easily codified and stolen, and therefore, not easily be transferred to other agencies (Kogut and Zander, 1993). ? N/A In 1977, Dunning developed Ownership-Location-Internalisation (OLI) theory by combining previous studies (Ietto-Gillies, 2005: 112). Ownership advantages are those that are specific to a particular firm which can enable the company to take competitive advantage of investment (Dunning, 2000:164). Locational advantages are those advantages specific to a country which are likely to make it attractive for foreign investors (ibid. ). Internalisation advantages refer to the benefits that derive from producing internally rather than use the market transaction (ibid. ). Therefore, in case of FDI taking places, the enterprises must possess net ownership advantages, and must have benefits from internlising the use of resources, and the country must offer special locational advantages (Ietto-Gillies, 2005: 114). However, Guisinger (2001: 121) argues that internalization (I) only focuses on one entry mode—control of a subsidiary—when many forms of international involvement are possible. Moreover, OLI theory only pays limited attention to international business environment, which may also strongly influence the investment decisions of MNEs (ibid. ). Regarding to the OLI theory, four types of FDIs, notably resource-seeking, market-seeking, efficiency-seeking, and strategic asset-seeking, have been indicated. It is argued that most of the FDIs from developed countries to developing countries are resource-seeking, marketseeking and efficiency seeking FDIs (Cohen, 2007: 66). The abundant natural resources, the potential emerging markets, as well as the low production costs, are the main factors of attracting FDIs from developed countries to developing countries.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Specification of Marble Stone Flooring Essays - Construction

Specification of Marble Stone Flooring Scope This specification covers marble flooring in situ having uniform in color free from stains, cracks, decay and weathering and providing the necessary skirting edging of the same material. Methods Marble stone flooring consists of 20 mm to 25 mm thick marble slabs laid over 20 mm thick base of cement coarse sand mortar of 1:3 and jointed with white cement slurry mixed with pigment to match the shade of stone. The marble stones/slabs used in flooring or dado are cut according to the size and shapes given in drawing or to suit site dimension of the room and desired pattern. All angles and edges of marble slabs are true and square and are free from chipping. The surface is true and plain. Raw Material for Marble Flooring Marble Stone Coarse Sand Ordinary Cement White Cement Pigment Polishing Material Marble stone flooring is not a latest trend in flooring. We are using it from long time. Marble is very durable and its shining remains for long. Cleaning your marble floor is as easy as a b c. Raw marble slab before flooring Raw Material in Base Coat and Upper Layer Sand Brick Blast Cement Quantity of Cement and Other Material Sufficient for one Sq. meter for flooring Base Coat:- S. No. Materials Quantity 1. Fine Sand 0.15 CUM 2. Brick Blast 0.10 CUM 3. Cement 0.18 Bags Top Layer:- S.No. Material Quantity 1. Marble Stone 1.15 SQM 2. Cement 0.25 Bags 3. Cement White 0.02 Bag 4. Coarse Sand 0.015 CUM Installation of Marble Stone Flooring Preparation of sub base: Base coat consisting of cement concrete 1:8:16, 1:5:10 or 1:4:8 should be laid on compacted earth under marble stone flooring. Laying out of marble stone slabs The base concrete or RCC slab on which marble stone slabs are laid should be thoroughly cleaned. The average thickness of bedding mortar under marble stone slab should be 20 mm thick and the ratio of cement mortar should be 1:3 The sand used in mortar should be coarse sand. The thickness of bedding should not be less than 12 mm in any place The top surface of mortar (bedding) should be leveled correctly by adding fresh mortar at hollows if any. The mortar is allowed to harden and cement slurry shall be spread at the rate of 4.4 kg per sq. meter. Marble stone slab to be paved should then be lowered gently back in position and tapped with wooded mallet till it is properly bedded and leveled with adjoining slab. Care should be taken to match the grains of slabs. All stone slabs should be laid in same manner. After lying of each slab surplus cement on the surface of slabs should be cleaned. The surface of flooring as laid should be true to slopes. The edges of slabs already paved are filled with white cement with or without admixture to match the shade of the stone slabs Curing Of Marble Stone Flooring The Marble stone floor should be cured for a minimum period of seven days. Polishing and Finishing The grinding may be done either by hand or by machine. Manual grinding should be done after two days of laying of marble flooring Machine grinding should commence 3-4 days after laying marble stone flooring First Grinding The grinding should be done by machine with grit No. 60. The water should be used profusely during grinding. After grinding the surface should thoroughly be washed to remove all grinding mud. A grout of cement and pigment in the same mix and proportion apply to the surface. It should be allowed to dry and then cured for four days. Second Grinding The second grinding is done with machine fitted with fine grit blocks No120. The surface is again washed cleanly and is repaired if required. Specification of Mosaic Flooring: Scope: This specification covers different types of tiles available in various decorative colours sizes. Construction of floor by laying these tiles is time saving. The main raw materials used for the manufacture are cement concrete coloured stone chips. These tiles are made generally in the sizes of 200 200 20 mm, 300 300 25 mm. These tiles can also be